By default, only cited references are shown in the bibliography. So you have to add something like
\autocite{glaze2008parents}
or
\nocite{*}
.
Off-topic note:
\bf
is deprecated. You should use either
{\bfseries Title}
or
\textbf{Title}
. And instead of manipulation if layout lengths like
\oddsidemargin
it is recommended to use a package like
geometry.
\begin{filecontents}{\jobname.bib}
@article{glaze2008parents,
title={Parents in prison and their minor children},
author={Glaze, Lauren E},
year={2008},
publisher={Bureau of Justice Statistics}
}
\end{filecontents}
\documentclass[12pt, a4paper]{article}
\usepackage{geometry}% recommended to change layout
\geometry{left=3.04cm,top=0.94cm,includehead,textheight=24cm,textwidth=15cm}
\usepackage{parskip}% Recommended, if you want parskip instead of indent with standard classes
\setlength{\parskip}{5pt}% strange value
%in the preamble
%--------------------------------
\usepackage[
backend=biber,
style=apa,
]{biblatex}
\addbibresource{\jobname.bib}
%--------------------------------
\title{Research Proposal}
\author{}
\date{}
\newcommand{\namelistlabel}[1]{\textbf{#1:}\hfil}% label format moved to the definition
\newenvironment{namelist}[1]{%1
\begin{list}{}
{
\let\makelabel\namelistlabel
\settowidth{\labelwidth}{#1}
\setlength{\leftmargin}{1.1\labelwidth}
}
}{%1
\end{list}}
\begin{document}
\maketitle
\begin{namelist}{xxxxxxxxxxxx}
\item[Title]% label format moved to the definition
Jailed parents
\item[Keyword]% label format moved to the definition
Financial Stress
\end{namelist}
\section*{Abstract}
Example cite: \autocite{glaze2008parents}% to have it in the references, cite it
\printbibliography
\end{document}
After running pdflatex, biber, pdflatex, pdflatex this results in:
